introduction of dos

INTRODUCTION OF DOS

Dos is the real inverter of very software even windows is base on dos command every software

even c-programing ,java,flash-scripting but there are similar to c-programing 

dos(disk operating system ) 

scripting

OS by default provides a primitive ability for shell scripting, via batch files (with the filename extension .BAT). These are text files that can be created in any DOS text editor, such as the MS-DOS Editor. They are executed in the same fashion as compiled programs, and run each line of the batch file as a command. Batch files can also make use of several internal commands, such as goto and conditional statements.[4] gosub and simple arithmetic is supported in some third-party shells but can also be faked via strange workarounds; however, no real form of programming is usually enabled.

The operating system offers a hardware abstraction layer that allows development of character-based applications, but not for accessing most of the hardware, such as graphics cards, printers, or mice. This required programmers to access the hardware directly, usually resulting in each application having its own set of device drivers for each hardware peripheral. Hardware manufacturers would release specifications to ensure device drivers for popular applications were available. command prompt drive naming 

learning dos command 

If your the uing windows 95,98,window2003 etc

bootcfg:

bootcfg addsw

Adds operating system load options for a specified operating system entry.
Syntax

bootcfg /addsw [/s Computer [/u Domain\User /p Password]] [/mm MaximumRAM] [/bv] [/so] [/ng]/id OSEntryLineNum
Parameters
/s Computer
Specifies the name or IP address of a remote computer (do not use backslashes). The default is the local computer.

/u Domain \ User
Runs the command with the account permissions of the user specified by User or Domain\User. The default is the permissions of the current logged on user on the computer issuing the command.

/p Password
Specifies the password of the user account that is specified in the /u parameter.

/mm MaximumRAM
Specifies the maximum amount of RAM that the operating system can use. The value must be equal to or greater than 32 Megabytes.

/bv
Adds the /basevideo option to the specified OSEntryLineNum, directing the operating system to use standard VGA mode for the installed video driver.

/so
Adds the /sos option to the specified OSEntryLineNum, directing the operating system to display device driver names while they are being loaded.

/ng
Adds the /noguiboot option to the specified OSEntryLineNum, disabling the Windows XP Professional progress bar that appears before the CTRL+ALT+DEL logon prompt.

/id OSEntryLineNum
Specifies the operating system entry line number in the [operating systems] section of the Boot.ini file to which the operating system load options are added. The first line after the [operating systems] section header is 1.

/?
Displays help at the command prompt.

Examples

The following examples show how you can use the bootcfg /addsw command:

bootcfg /addsw /mm 64 /id 2

bootcfg /addsw /so /id 3

bootcfg /addsw /so /ng /s srvmain /u hiropln /id 2

bootcfg /addsw /ng /id 2

bootcfg /addsw /mm 96 /ng /s srvmain /u maindom\hiropln /p p@ssW23 /id 2
bootcfg clone

On Itanium-based computers, creates a copy of an Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) boot entry for use in a mirrored boot volume.
Syntax

bootcfg /clone /tg GUID [/sg GUID | /id bootid [/d description | /d+ description]] [/upddrv]
Parameters
/clone
Creates an EFI boot entry for a mirrored partition containing a Windows operating system.

/sg GUID
Specifies the globally unique identifier (GUID) of the partition containing the operating system from which the boot entry is being copied.

/tg GUID
Specifies the globally unique identifier (GUID) of the partition containing the operating system for which you are creating the cloned boot entry.

/id bootid
Specifies the boot entry to be copied.

/d description
Applies the specified friendly name to the cloned boot entry.

/d+ description
Appends the specified text to the existing friendly name for the boot entry specified with the /id parameter. When /d+ is used with the /sg parameter, the specified text is appended to the string, (clone).

/upddrv
Updates the device path to the EFI drivers.

/?
Displays help at the command prompt.

Examples

The following examples show how you can use the bootcfg /clone command:

bootcfg /clone /tg GUID /d+ test

Recommended when you have one EFI partition to clone from. It is best to use explicit arguments when you have multiple EFI partitions with multiple EFI partition boot entries to avoid confusion.

bootcfg /clone /sg GUID /tg GUID /d+ description

Recommended when you have multiple EFI partitions with multiple boot entries for each partition.

bootcfg /clone /tg GUID /id bootid /d description

Only clones the entry from the /id argument. This switch is useful if you have an EFI partition with multiple entries and you only want to clone one entry (not all entries). If you want to clone all entries from an EFI partition, use example 1 or 2.

bootcfg /clone /upddrv GUID

Only updates the floating point driver. No new boot entries will be added as a result of /upddrv. This switch is used if you add a new floating point driver to one EFI partition and you want to update the floating point driver on the other EFI partition.
bootcfg copy

Makes a copy of an existing boot entry, to which you can add command-line options.
Syntax

bootcfg /copy [/s Computer [/u Domain\User /p Password]] [/d Description] [/id OSEntryLineNum]
Parameters
/s Computer
Specifies the name or IP address of a remote computer (do not use backslashes). The default is the local computer.

/u Domain \ User
Runs the command with the account permissions of the user specified by User or Domain\User. The default is the permissions of the current logged on user on the computer issuing the command.

/p Password
Specifies the password of the user account that is specified in the /u parameter.

/d Description
Specifies the description for the new operating system entry.

/id OSEntryLineNum
Specifies the operating system entry line number in the [operating systems] section of the Boot.ini file to copy. The first line after the [operating systems] section header is 1.

/?
Displays help at the command prompt.

Examples

The following examples show how you can use the bootcfg /copy command:

bootcfg /copy /d "\ABC Server\" /id 1

bootcfg /copy /s srvmain /u maindom\hiropln /p p@ssW23 /d "Windows XP" /id 2

bootcfg /copy /u hiropln /p p@ssW23 /d "AB Ver 1.001" /id 2
bootcfg dbg1394

Configures 1394 port debugging for a specified operating system entry.
Syntax

bootcfg /dbg1394 {ON | OFF}[/s Computer [/u Domain\User /p Password]] [/ch Channel] /id OSEntryLineNum
Parameters
{ON | OFF}
Specifies the value for 1394 port debugging.